• Study on Imported Coal Source Alternatives under China's Import Restriction Policy

  • Date of completion: May, 2019

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SUMMARY

Imported coal is an integral part of coal supply to China's coastal and western provinces. China has tightened import restriction since 2017, imposing growing impact on market participants. Increasing risks for coal trades amid trade frictions internationally raise the urgency to understand the substitutability of various imported coal sources and their competitiveness. What are the alternative sources that users can turn to when some are restricted in a certain period of time?
Against this backdrop, Fenwei analysts embarked on this study to analyze and evaluate China's imported coal sources, major suppliers, coal brands, coal quality and application in China, compare and analyze coal quality, CFR costs, transportation routes and delivery time of major sources and competitiveness over domestic sources. The study aims to provide a valuable reference for decision making in imported coal market.

INTRODUCTION

1. China's Coal Import Policies and Development Trend

1.1 Customs tariff policy

1.2 Quality requirement

1.3 Import volume requirement

2. 2014-2018 Imported Coal Sources and Application in China

2.1 Analysis of imported coal sources, coal types and flow directions

2.1.1 Total import volume - by origin and by type

2.1.2 Imports by origin - by coal type and by province

2.1.3 Imports by type - by origin and by province

2.1.4 Imports by province - by origin and by coal type

2.1.5 Main importers

2.1.5.1 Thermal coal imports by large power utilities - by origin and by type

2.1.5.2 Imports by large steel mills and coke plants - by origin and by type

2.1.5.3 Imports by large trading companies - by origin and by type

2.2 Application in China

The proportion of imported coal consumption by coal type and by region

2.2.1 Thermal coal

2.2.2 Coking coal

3. China's main imported coal origins and suppliers

Output and export data dated from 2014 to the latest publication by statistical institutes and suppliers in various countries.

3.1 Australia

3.1.1 Coal resource distribution and features (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.1.2 Output

3.1.2.1 Thermal coal output

3.1.2.2 Coking coal output

3.1.3 Coal industry policy analysis

3.1.4 Coal export

3.1.4.1 Thermal coal export and flow directions

3.1.4.2 Coking coal export and flow directions

3.1.4.3 Export infrastructures (main railways/ports)

3.1.5 Main exporters

To analyze BHP, Glencore, Anglo America, Peabody, Yancoal Australia, etc.

3.1.5.1 Thermal coal output

3.1.5.2 Coking coal output

3.1.5.3 Main coal brands (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.1.6 Typical coal quality assessment

Comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on main thermal coal and coking coal brands in terms of Ad, Mad, Std, Qarnet, Vdaf, ash fusion point, G, Y, CSR, coal ash composition, etc.

3.1.6.1 Thermal coal

3.1.6.2 Coking coal (PLV/LV/MV/SSCC)

3.1.7 Australia coal output forecast and export volume forecast to China

3.1.7.1 Coal mine construction plans of main suppliers and progress

3.1.7.2 Infrastructure construction plans and progress

3.1.7.3 Coal output forecast

3.1.7.4 China's import volume forecast

3.2 Mongolia

3.2.1 Coal resource distribution and features (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.2.2 Coal output

3.2.2.1 Thermal coal output

3.2.2.2 Coking coal output

3.2.3 Coal industry policy analysis

3.2.4 Coal export

3.2.4.1 Thermal coal export and flow directions

3.2.4.2 Coking coal export and flow directions

3.2.4.3 Export infrastructures (main railways/highways/borders)

3.2.5 Main exporters

To analyze ETT, MMC, MAK, SGR, MEC, etc.

3.2.5.1 Thermal coal output

3.2.5.2 Coking coal output

3.2.5.3 Coal brands (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.2.6 Typical coal quality assessment

Comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on main thermal coal and coking coal brands in terms of Ad, Mad, Std, Qarnet, Vdaf, ash fusion point, G, Y, CSR and coal ash composition, etc.

3.2.6.1 Thermal coal

3.2.6.2 Coking coal (PLV/LV/MV/SSCC)

3.2.7 Mongolia coal output forecast and export volume forecast to China

3.2.7.1 Coal mine construction plans of main suppliers and progress

3.2.7.2 Infrastructure construction plans and progress

3.2.7.3 Coal output forecast

3.2.7.4 China's import volume forecast

3.3 Indonesia

3.3.1 Coal resource distribution and features (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.3.2 Coal output

3.3.2.1 Thermal coal output

3.3.2.2 Coking coal output

3.3.3 Coal industry policy analysis

3.3.4 Coal export

3.3.4.1 Thermal coal export and flow directions

3.3.4.2 Coking coal export and flow directions

3.3.4.3 Export infrastructures (main railways/waterways/borders)

3.3.5 Main exporters

To analyze PT Bumi Resources, PT Adaro Energy, PT Berau Coal Energy, etc.

3.3.5.1 Thermal coal output

3.3.5.2 Coking coal output

3.3.5.3 Coal brands (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.3.6 Typical coal quality assessment

Comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on main thermal coal and coking coal brands in terms of Ad, Mad, Std, Qarnet, Vdaf, ash fusion point, G, Y, CSR and coal ash composition, etc.

3.3.6.1 Thermal coal

3.3.6.2 Coking coal (PLV/LV/MV/SSCC)

3.3.7 Indonesia coal output forecast and export volume forecast to China

3.3.7.1 Coal mine construction plans of main suppliers and progress

3.3.7.2 Infrastructure construction plans and progress

3.3.7.3 Coal output forecast

3.3.7.4 China's import volume forecast

3.4 Russia

3.4.1 Coal resource distribution and features (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.4.2 Coal output

3.4.2.1 Thermal coal output

3.4.2.2 Coking coal output

3.4.3 Coal industry policy analysis

3.4.4 Coal export

3.4.4.1 Thermal coal export and flow directions

3.4.4.2 Coking coal export and flow directions

3.4.4.3 Export infrastructures (main railways/highways/borders)

3.4.5 Main exporters

To analyze Suek, Mechel, etc.

3.4.5.1 Thermal coal output

3.4.5.2 Coking coal output

3.4.5.3 Coal brands (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.4.6 Typical coal quality assessment

Comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on main thermal coal and coking coal brands in terms of Ad, Mad, Std, Qarnet, Vdaf, ash fusion point, G, Y, CSR and coal ash composition, etc.

3.4.6.1 Thermal coal

3.4.6.2 Coking coal (PLV/LV/MV/SSCC)

3.4.7 Russia coal output forecast and export volume forecast to China

3.4.7.1 Coal mine construction plans of main suppliers and progress

3.4.7.2 Infrastructure construction plans and progress

3.4.7.3 Coal output forecast

3.4.7.4 China's import volume forecast

3.5 Canada

3.5.1 Coal resource distribution and features (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.5.2 Coal output

3.5.2.1 Thermal coal output

3.5.2.2 Coking coal output

3.5.3 Coal industry policy analysis

3.5.4 Coal export

3.5.4.1 Thermal coal export and flow directions

3.5.4.2 Coking coal export and flow directions

3.5.4.3 Export infrastructures (main railways/borders)

3.5.5 Main coal exporters

To analyze Teck, Conuma, etc.

3.5.5.1 Thermal coal output

3.5.5.2 Coking coal output

3.5.5.3 Coal brands (thermal coal/coking coal)

3.5.6 Typical coal quality assessment

Comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on main thermal coal and coking coal brands in terms of Ad, Mad, Std, Qarnet, Vdaf, ash fusion point, G, Y, CSR and coal ash composition, etc.

3.5.6.1 Thermal coal

3.5.6.2 Coking coal (PLV/LV/MV/SSCC)

3.5.7 Canada coal output forecast and export volume forecast to China

3.5.7.1 Coal mine construction plans of main suppliers and progress

3.5.7.2 Infrastructure construction plans and progress

3.5.7.3 Coal output forecast

3.5.7.4 China's import volume forecast

4. Study on Coal Source Alternatives under China's Import Restriction Policy

4.1 Policy risk assessment in China and major coal export countries

4.2 Comparison between Chinese and International Coal Classification Standards

4.3 Coal quality comparative assessment

Coal quality comparison between mainstream imported coal sources and with domestic coal sources and substitutability analysis.

4.3.1 Thermal coalquality comparison and substitutability

4.3.2 Coking coal quality comparison and substitutability

4.4 CFR cost competitiveness assessment

Comparative analysis of CFR costs between mainstream imported coal sources and with domestic coal sources.

4.4.1 Thermal coal cost comparison

4.4.2 Coking coal cost comparison

4.5 Comparison on transport routes and delivery time

4.5.1 Thermal coal

4.5.2 Coking coal

5.Summary & Conclusion

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